PAST PERFECT VS PRESENT PERFECT
Baik “Past Perfect” maupun “Present Perfect”, keduanya sama-sama memaparkan tentang sesuatu yang terjadi sebelum satu titik waktu/ titik acuan (reference point)
______________________I___________________________
Past Present Future
Dalam “Present Perfect”, titik acuannya adalah sekarang (present).
“I Have been to Japan twice”
_______?______?___________I___________________________
Past twice Present Future
Dalam “past perfect”, titik acuannya adalah masa lalu (past).
“I had been to Japan twice by the time i was 10 years old”
_____?__?______|__________I___________________________
Past twice 10 Present (28 years old) Future
years old
PRESENT PERFECT
· Suatu tindakan yang dimulai di masa lalu dan terus sampai sekarang.
Contoh: I have lived in this city for six months
_________ I I I I I I____________I___________________________
Past 6 months Present Future
(is living in the city)
· Suatu tindakan yang telah terjadi dengan waktu yang tidak dijelaskan
Contoh: I have been to Japan twice
_______?______?___________I___________________________
Past twice Present Future
Rumus: HAVE / HAS + past participle
Contoh: My mother has just gone to the store.
Janet has lived abroad for five years.
I haven’t seen the new movie yet.
Have you finished your homework?
Biasanya digunakan ‘ve dan ‘s dalam present perfect:
I’ve been to Japan three times.
My mother’s just gone to the store.
Janet’s lived abroad for five years.
PAST PERFECT
Suatu tindakan yang telah terjadi sebelum suatu waktu di masa lalu
“When I arrived at the office this morning, I discovered that I had left my computer on the night before”
__________|___________|__________I______________________
Past the night this Present Future
Before morning
Rumus: HAD + past participle
Contoh: I had been to Japan twice by the time I was 10 years old.
Terdapat dua info: 1. I went to Japan in 1988 and 1991 (twice).
2. I turned 10 years old in 1994.
When I woke up this morning, my husband had already eaten breakfast.
1. My husband ate breakfast at 6:00 AM
2. I woke up at 7:00 AM (this morning)
Biasanya digunakan ‘d dalam Past Perfect:
I’d traveled to five different countries by the time I was 20 years old
Sumber: http://www.espressoenglish.net/difference-between-present-perfect-and-past-perfect-in-english/
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense VS Past Perfect Continuous Tense
I’ve
been working VS I’d been working
|
I’ve been working at RCTI for 5 years Supposing
i go for interview today and they ask me: How long have you been working at
RCTI? The answer means I started 5 years ago and still working at RCTI Time
line: 2011
2016 |_____________________________|
Still
going |
I’d
been working at RCTI for 5 years Supposing
I’ve already resigned from RCTI and im not working curenntly. So in the
interview they ask: how long had you been working at your previous company? We
use “had” instead of “have” because the action started in the past/ had
continuity in the past and finished sometime in the past while we talk about
it now Time
line: 2010 2015 2016 |__________________|___________| resigned talk about it now |
|
I’m angry. I’ve been waiting for 2
hours It
happened recently. Right now I’m waiting for someone and he finally shows up.
So I say the sentece. The action started 2 hours ago (let say: 2 pm) then he
(Joni) shows up (at 4 pm), so say the sentence . |
I was angry. I’d been waiting for 2
hours Same
situation, but this time I talk about what happened (yesterday, 2 days ago,
etc) to another friend: I was anggry with Joni because I’d been waiting for
him for 2 hours. I
use “had been” because I talk about what happened yesterday or two days ago
with range of hour: 2 pm - 4 pm
[finished]. The duration has finished long time ago and I talk about it now. |
|
It has been raining since last night This morning when I watch the news it
says the sentence. The rain started last night until now (this morning) and
its still raining. |
The road was wet. It had been raining for many hours I
talk about last night’s (two days ago, etc) rain but it stop raining now. It
might stopped just before dawn, or probably it happened the whole day
yesterday/ two days ago, etc. But it bright sunny day now. The road is also
dry now. |
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